The meningeal immune interface of the brain

초록

The meningeal immune interface of the brain Youngshik Choe Korea Brain Research Institute Neurodevelopmental brain disorders represent a spectrum of highly complex conditions, often characterized by impaired social interactions, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. These disorders are influenced by multiple factors, including genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and, importantly, immune system dysregulation. Emerging evidence highlights the role of immune interactions at the brain's borders, particularly involving meningeal border-associated immune cells (BAMs) and their molecular networks. In our research, we leveraged proteo-transcriptomics approaches to uncover the molecular landscape underlying these interactions. Specifically, we focused on analyzing single-cell RNA profiles and secreted molecules derived from peripheral immune cells to identify critical mediators of immune-brain communication. Our findings revealed an intriguing and significant enrichment of CD4 T cells in the vicinity of BAMs, suggesting a potential mechanism of crosstalk between these immune populations. Further investigation into the transcriptomic profiles of CD4 T cells identified specific RNA signatures that may serve as biomarkers or predictive indicators of disease progression. These insights offer a window into the dynamic interplay between peripheral immune cells and meningeal innate immune compartments, paving the way for future studies aimed at understanding how these interactions contribute to the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. * Keywords: Autism, Maternal immune activation, Meninges, Border-associated macrophage, Microglia